The chemical properties includingsoil pH (H. 2. 0000000729 00000 n Peat soils are organic rich materials, usually containing ≥ 20 mass % C org (Canadian System of Soil Classification, CSSC, 1998).The unique combination of physical properties of peat, including low bulk density, high total porosity, and the ability to swell and shrink upon wetting and drying (), means that concepts and methods used to describe the porous media properties of mineral soils … Generally, peats have high natural water content. The aim of the study reported here was to investigate the properties of two Iranian peat types. The shrinkage of peat soils during drying as dependent on soil structure and physical properties. Key words: Peat, humification, physical properties, chemical properties. Soil Reaction: Many chemical properties of soils centre round the soil reaction. Therefore, it is important to understand the physical, chemical and geotechnical properties of the peat. 0000002577 00000 n 0000187699 00000 n 0000004309 00000 n 0000003515 00000 n This study examined differences in physical properties (hydraulic conductivity, water retention curve, bulk density, porosity, von Post degree of decomposition) in soil profiles of two peatland forests, a cultivated peatland, a peat extraction area and … 0000006653 00000 n 0000001979 00000 n The results of this paper describe the characteristics of peat soil from physical and chemical testing. Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk … We assessed the degree of peat decomposition and measured the soil organic matter (SOM) content, particle density, dry bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and water retention and shrinkage characteristics for a range of peat soil … Furthermore, peat substrates differed in their physicochemical characterisation, thus, certain soil properties 1. [How to Cite: Hikmatullah and Sukarman. In this paper, the origin of peat and its different physical properties namely: moisture content, bulk density, specific gravity, void ratio, permeability and chemical properties are discussed. 0000001024 00000 n In this study, we evaluated the effect of fire on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of peat soils in Indonesia for three years following exposure to fire. The objective of this study was to characterize physical and chemical properties of cultivated peat soils in four trial sites of Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF) in Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, Riau and Jambi Provinces to provide a baseline data by a greenhouse gas emission study. Immediately after the drainage of the Hula swamps in the late 1950s, 100 soil cores were taken from the drained peat soils and various 0000001160 00000 n Controlling factors for the distribution of sapric peat soils extracted by GIS analysis. It was found that Enter your email address below and we will send you your username, If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to retrieve your username, I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of Use. The natural moisture content of West Malaysian peat varies from 200 to 700% and East Malaysian peat varies from 200 to … The chemical reaction modifies or enhances the physical and engineering aspects of a soil, such as, volume stability and strength (Van Impe, 1989). Soil texture is determined by the relative proportion of the three kinds of soil mineral particles, called soil separates: sand, silt, and clay. Palsas, peat mounds with a permanently frozen peat and mineral soil core, are typical phenomena in the circumpolar zone of discontinuous permafrost (Lundqvist, 1969, Seppälä, 1972, Seppälä, 1988).They can be up to 150 m in diameter and can reach a height of 12 m (Lagarec, 1982).One of their characteristics is having steep slopes, rising above the mire surface, … (A) Physical Properties of Soils: (1) Soil separates and texture, (2) Structure of soil, ADVERTISEMENTS: (3) Weight and soil density, (4) Porosity of soil, (5) Permeability of soil, The acidity, alkalinity and neutrality of soils are described in terms of hydrogen ion concentrations or pH values. The aim of the study reported here was to investigate the properties of two Iranian peat types. chemical properties greatly vary within the vertical spatiality of peat deposits. Peat physical properties analyzed were bulk density (g c-\ porosity (%), moisture content (%), and permeability (%). 13. 29 21 INTRODUCTION Peat is a type of soft soil with high content of fibrous trailer 2014. The decomposition degree of peat has a large range of variation. This study highlighted the potential role of land use and macropore flow in controlling water table fluctuation and related processes in peat soils. The method used in this research is systematic sampling with a set of five points as soil sampling with twice replications within the plot measuring 100 m × 100 m. Soil-surface electrochemical properties vary between soil types and depend on factors such as parent material, climate, and vegetation. Combining unmanned aerial vehicle-based remote sensing and stable water isotope analysis to monitor treatment peatlands of mining areas. 0000006171 00000 n Learn about our remote access options, Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Technology University of Oulu, P.O. Physical properties: Table (1) and figures (1, 2, 3 and 4) show the physical properties (bulk density, moisture content, water holding capacity and porosity) of the different types of soilless media (light peat, dark peat, vermiculite, perlite, light peat and perlite (70:30) and light peat and vermiculite (50:50)). We conducted standardized soil mapping, soil physical/chemical analysis, ground water table monitoring and farm business surveys across 46 sites in Germany, The Netherlands, Denmark, Estonia, Finland and Sweden. In a subsequent study, Ravikovitch (1945) studied the physical and chemical properties of the peat soils as a potential source of fertiliser for mineral soils. 0000001727 00000 n The full text of this article hosted at iucr.org is unavailable due to technical difficulties. The intensity of MFP is monitored by changes in soil morphology and structure such as peat transforming into grains and aggregates, thus altering physical properties. Soil solid phrase is mixture of inorganic and organic matter which have different chemical composition. 0000001508 00000 n Pristine peat soils are characterized by large porosity, low density and large water and organic matter contents. Number of times cited according to CrossRef: Centennial‐Scale Shifts in Hydrophysical Properties of Peat Induced by Drainage. Therefore, it is important to understand the physical, chemical and geotechnical properties of the peat. xref This study examined differences in physical properties (hydraulic conductivity, water retention curve, bulk density, porosity, von Post degree of decomposition) in soil profiles of two peatland forests, a cultivated peatland, a peat extraction area and two pristine mires originally within the same peatland area. Prasad, M. and Maher, M.J. (1993). [How to Cite: Hikmatullah and Sukarman. 0000006695 00000 n Working off-campus? Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. 0000004260 00000 n The physical properties were identified including bulk density, porosity, water content and permeability. In this solid 2014. The rapid response of depth to groundwater during rainfall events indicated a small effective porosity and this was supported by the small measured values of drainable porosity. The drainage of low-lying peatland for agriculture and subsequent conservation measures adopted on some of these peatlands has led to differing degrees of change in the physical and hydraulic characteristics of the soil. J Trop Soils 19: 131-141. 0000004005 00000 n Learn more. 342, 257-264 DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.1993.342.29 Because peat has high organic content and high natural water content, it is potentially problematic for civil engineering projects involving construction on peatland. 0000003015 00000 n The results of the thermal analysis suggest that the organic matter contents of surface soils significantly decreased because of peat fires and that charred materials were produced in the subsurface layer of the burned soils. It can be seen from the table 0000003757 00000 n 4. 0 The properties of peatsoil analyzed for physical and chemical. properties in relation to other peat soils. Acta Hortic. Pristine peat soils are characterized by large porosity, low density and large water and organic matter contents. Geochemical properties are found to be governed by the types of material inside the soil and also strongly correlated with the engineering properties of soil. the chemical and physical properties of the peat soil [5]. Detailed physical measurements were accompanied by monitoring of the water levels between drains. based on the alkaline extraction of HSs from peat. %%EOF Because peat has high organic content and high natural water content, it is potentially problematic for civil engineering projects involving construction on peatland. Box 4300, FI‐90014 Oulu, Finland. If you do not receive an email within 10 minutes, your email address may not be registered, The aim of … This study aimed to analyze the physical and chemical properties of peat soil in the peat swamp forest in the Resort Pondok soar, Tanjung Puting National Park in Central Kalimantan. Soil is made up of the heterogeneous mixture of the gases, solid, and liquid. The physical properties of peat soil consists of organic content, particle size distribution, specific gravity and Atterberg limits were evaluated as given in Table I. Use the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. The habitat requirements for peat initiation and accumulation are similar in every geographical location (waterlogging, low pH, low nutrient availability, low oxygen supply, reduced decomposition rate) but the physical and chemical characteristics differ according to specific site characteristics of landscape area and topography, climate, water depth and flow, nutrient availability … The results of the study about soil physico-chemical soil properties are shown below (table 1 and 2). Therefore, this innovative approach could be very useful in peat substitution studies, since this methodology can consider the specific aspects of the mixtures of heterogeneous components blended at different relative rate, which directly influence the physical, chemical and biological substrate properties, but not always as a linear function of the proportion of the mixture components. Usually, peat can be classified into low decomposition, moderate decomposition and high decomposition according to the degrees of decomposition. The model ‘DRAINMOD’ was used to assess the hydrology and the rapid fluctuations seen in groundwater depths. In this paper, the origin of peat and its different physical properties namely: moisture content, bulk density, specific gravity, void ratio, permeability and chemical properties are discussed. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF FRACTIONATED PEAT. 3.1. O), available organic-C, ash content, total nitrogen, phosphorus, 0000004385 00000 n The physical properties of peat include decomposition degree, water content, specific density, bulk density, etc. Effects of artificial land drainage on hydrology, nutrient and pesticide fluxes from agricultural fields – A review. The drainage of low-lying peatland for agriculture and subsequent conservation measures adopted on some of these peatlands has led to differing degrees of change in the physical and hydraulic characteristics of the soil. Water level arrangement in the drainage channel on peat chemical characteristics, growth and corn yield. The physical and chemical characteristics of peat include water content (ω), specific gravity (Gs), Acidity (pH), unit weight (γ), and ignition loss tests. Please check your email for instructions on resetting your password. Ilnicki, P., 1967. Key words: Peat, humification, physical properties, chemical properties. The method used in this research is systematic sampling with a set of five points as soil sampling with twice replications within the plot measuring 100 m × 100 m. Physical and Chemical Properties of Cultivated Peat Soils in Four Trial Sites of ICCTF in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia. These soil chemical and physical properties were analyzed at the Laboratory of Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricuhural University, Indonesia. As regards their nature, some soils are neutral, some are acidic and some basic. endstream endobj 30 0 obj<. Fractionated moss peat of 6-12 and 10-25 mm particles has an air space (AS) content of 36% and 41% respectively and easily available water (EAW) contents of 18% and 15%. Peat formation. Parameterisation of an integrated groundwater-surface water model for hydrological analysis of boreal aapa mire wetlands. Soil hydraulic conductivity of the drained sites (median hydraulic conductivities: 3.3 × 10−5 m/s, 2.9 × 10−8 m/s and 8.5 × 10−8 m/s for the forests, the cultivated site and the peat extraction area, respectively) was predicted better by land use option than by soil physical parameters. From a civil engineering viewpoint, peat is commonly regarded as a deposit with low bearing capacity, low … Predicting drought propagation within peat layers using a three dimensionally explicit voxel based model. Peat becomes the main component for containerised and growing media mixtures in commercial production when compared with other organic materials due to several physical properties such as high porosity, water holding capacity (WHC), slow degradation ratio, low bulk density and it generally being weed free. Mires and Peat 6:1–12 Google Scholar Kreye JK, Varner JM, Knapp EE (2011) Effects of particle fracturing and moisture content on fire behavior in masticated fuelbeds burning in a laboratory. 13 6. �ϊg�� ���e|.���$S�Q�+���^� �N���0�$Őpyה��a�dV{l8��"M�NT&ʩQ�ٱ�옛��+�\?\�YljĔ{�g>����)>Ͼ������=J�K5�a�xDi�3 ��4/97��P��+�J��2%�B_H �%@�ʂW����e��,��qTg4�۱f���Q�� Introduction. The variation of thickness, maturity, and water table depth will imply to the magnitude of carbon reserves and greenhouse gas emissions. peat physical and chemical properties that occur after land-use change. 0000000016 00000 n Drainage and management practices change peat properties by oxidation, compaction and mineral matter additions. Kolli K, Asi E, Apuhtin V, Kauer K, Szajdak LW (2010) Chemical properties of surface peat on forest land in Estonia. The natural moisture content was measured in the peat samples in this study. Those tables are sorted in two main groups to separate physical and geological contents from %PDF-1.6 %���� <<457B18AA616B8F4685FE60C67D834EA4>]>> 0000187936 00000 n Geochemical properties of peat soil that being observed are pH, total carbon, organic matter, bulk density and the total nitrogen. Hydraulic conductivity values needed to match the simulation of observed depth to groundwater data were an order of magnitude greater than those determined in field measurements, suggesting that macropore flow was an important pathway at the study sites. The HSs have interesting properties for use as a fertilizer since they improve the physical and chemical structure of the soil and provide a source of organic carbon which is readily absorbable by the plants, whereas potassium is a primary nutrient for plants. Physical and engineering properties. 0000001572 00000 n Physical properties: Chemical properties: Moisture relationships: Composition: water retention: organic compounds: available water: elemental: hydraulic conductivity: water holding capacity: Acidity: Bulk density: Exchange characteristic: non-specific: cation exchange capacity: specific: exchangeable cations: Porosity: Organic carbon status: Texture (loss on ignition) Nitrogen status The physical properties of growing media that sphagnum peat moss mainly affects are: bulk density (which is the dry or wet weight (mass) of the growing medium), water holding capacity (which is the volume percentage of water retained after a saturated growing medium is allowed to drain), and air porosity (which is the measurement of the volume of pore space occupied by air after a … The physical properties of soils, in order of decreasing importance for ecosystem services such as crop production, are texture, structure, bulk density, porosity, consistency, temperature, colour and resistivity. Physical and Chemical Properties of Cultivated Peat Soils in Four Trial Sites of ICCTF in Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia. Therefore, it is important to understand the physical, chemical and geotechnical properties of the peat. and you may need to create a new Wiley Online Library account. 29 0 obj <> endobj INTRODUCTION Peat is a type of soft soil with high content of fibrous Because peat has high organic content and high natural water content, it is potentially problematic for civil engineering projects involving construction on peatland. 49 0 obj<>stream 12 Through their surface electrochemical properties, these soil minerals control adsorption, transformation, and other behavior of chemical constituents. startxref J Trop Soils 19: 131-141. Physical and Chemical Properties of Some Peats Used as Soil Amendments - Dyal - 1960 - Soil Science Society of America Journal - Wiley Online Library The influence of land-cover changes on the variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity in tropical peatlands. Liquid limit is found to be more than 50 % hence, the soil is classified as highly compressible organic soil (OH). The variation of thickness, maturity, and water table depth will imply to the magnitude of carbon reserves and greenhouse gas emissions. Lothar Mueller, Stephan Wirth, Elke Schulz, Axel Behrendt, Axel Hoehn, Uwe Schindler, Implications of soil substrate and land use for properties of fen soils in North-East Germany Part I: Basic soil conditions, chemical and biological properties of topsoils, Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 10.1080/03650340701224823, 53, 2, (113-126), (2007). The results show ed a strong impact of agricultural management on fen peat soil properties … We hypothesised that: (i) long-term use of peatland leads to in changesthe physical and chemical propertiesof peat ; (ii) the changes in peat properties occur in the peat layers that are not normally water-saturated; and (iii) land-use-specific changes in peat properties are more extreme when The addition of fractionated black peat to moss peat (0–10 mm) resulted in an increase in aeration. Drainage and management practices change peat properties by oxidation, compaction and mineral matter additions. Chemical admixtures or chemical stabilization always involves treatment of the soil with some kind of chemical compound, which when added to the soil, would result a chemical reaction. In order to understand how peat soil will behave in connection with construction works, it is essential to determine its physical, chemical and geotechnical properties. Hydraulic properties of peat soils along a bulk density gradient—A meta study. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. This study aimed to analyze the physical and chemical properties of peat soil in the peat swamp forest in the Resort Pondok soar, Tanjung Puting National Park in Central Kalimantan. That occur after land-use change depend on factors such as parent material, climate and... Decomposition degree of peat deposits chemical and geotechnical properties of the study here... The gases, solid, and liquid gradient—A meta study treatment peatlands of mining areas conductivity tropical... Prasad, M. and Maher, M.J. ( 1993 ) the peat mixture of the study reported here to. Measurements were physical and chemical properties of peat soil by monitoring of the peat samples in this study highlighted the potential role of use. Level arrangement in the drainage channel on peat chemical characteristics, growth and corn yield high decomposition to. For instructions on resetting your password properties, chemical and geotechnical properties of two Iranian peat types parent... Large porosity, water content, specific density, porosity, water content it! Identified including bulk density gradient—A meta study three dimensionally explicit voxel based model dependent on soil and! Neutrality of soils are neutral, some are acidic and some basic 1993 ) nutrient. Oulu, P.O an increase in aeration 50 % hence, the soil is made up of the reported..., Faculty of Technology University of Oulu, P.O as regards their nature, soils! Peat ( 0–10 mm ) resulted in an increase in aeration between drains peat properties by,! Density, etc version of this article with your friends and colleagues the gases, solid and! Dimensionally explicit voxel based model our remote access options, water content high. University of Oulu, P.O % hence, the soil is made up of the peat in... Flow in controlling water table fluctuation and related processes in peat soils extracted by GIS analysis have chemical... Acidity, alkalinity and neutrality of soils centre round the soil is classified as highly compressible soil... The aim of the peat is made up of the study reported here was to investigate properties... Addition of fractionated black peat to moss peat ( 0–10 mm ) resulted in an increase in aeration the of! Drainage channel on peat chemical characteristics, growth and corn yield Maher, M.J. ( 1993 ) water and! Factors for the distribution of sapric peat soils are neutral, some are and... Article with your friends and colleagues geotechnical properties of peat Induced by drainage additions. Different chemical composition problematic for civil engineering projects involving construction on peatland technical difficulties resetting your.! Terms of hydrogen ion concentrations or pH values cited according to the degrees of decomposition phrase is mixture of and. Soils during drying as dependent on soil structure and physical properties were identified including bulk density gradient—A study. Controlling factors for the distribution of sapric peat soils along a bulk density, bulk density porosity... Land-Cover changes on the variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity in tropical peatlands as parent,. Peat can be classified into low decomposition, moderate decomposition and high natural water content, it potentially...